Validity and Soundness

If Lassie is a collie, then Lassie is a dog. (T)
Lassie is a collie. (T)
Lassie is a dog.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Scooby is a great dane, then Scooby is a dog. (T)
Scooby is a dog. (T)
Scooby is a great dane.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Fifi is a poodle, then Fifi is a dog. (T)
Fifi is a poodle. (T)
Fifi is a dog.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Snoopy is a dog, then Snoopy is a rottweiler. (F)
Snoopy is a dog. (T)
Snoopy is a rottweiler.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Dinky is a chihuahua, then Dinky is a dog. (T)
Dinky is a chihuahua. (T)
Dinky is a dog.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Brian can speak, then Brian is a rodent. (F)
Brian can speak. (F)
Brian is a rodent.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Gromit is a dog, then Gromit can fly. (F)
Gromit is a dog. (T)
Gromit can fly.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Petey is a cat, then Petey is evil. (F)
Petey is a cat. (F)
Petey is evil.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Max is a dog, then Max is a reindeer. (F)
Max is a reindeer. (F)
Max is a dog.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Dogbert has a job, then Dogbert works in an office. (F)
Dogbert works in an office. (T)
Dogbert has a job.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Toto follows the yellow brick road, then Toto will reach the Emerald City. (T)
Toto reaches the Emerald City. (T)
Toto follows the yellow brick road.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Nipper listens, then Nipper hears music. (T)
Nipper hears music. (T)
Nipper listens.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not sound
3. Sound
If Underdog saves the world from evil, then Underdog is heroic. (T)
Underdog does save the world from evil. (T)
Underdog is heroic.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Cujo is vicious, then you should not pet him. (T)
Cujo is vicious. (T)
You should not pet him.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Cerberus has five heads, then Cerberus guards the gates of Hades. (T)
Cerberus has five heads. (F)
Cerberus guards the gates of Hades.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Pongo is a dalmation, then Pongo is larger than a chihuahua. (T)
Pongo is a dalmation. (T)
Pongo is larger than a chihuahua.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Ren is a hand grenade, then Stimpy is a bowl of lime jello. (F)
Ren is a hand grenade. (F)
Stimpy is a bowl of lime jello.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Spuds drinks too much beer, then Spuds will embarrass himself.
Spuds is an embarrasment to all dogs everywhere. (T)
Spuds is an idiot, but beer is good.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Mr. Peabody is a dog, then Bullwinkle is a moose. (T)
Mr. Peabody is a dog. (T)
Bullwinkle is a moose.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Astro brings slippers, then George will relax. (T)
Astro brings a newspaper. (T)
George watches television.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Benji is small and scruffy, then Benji is cute and lovable. (?)
Benji is small and scruffy. (T)
Benji will be hit by a car.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Rin Tin Tin was a penguin, then Alpo is a brand of breakfast cereal. (F)
Rin Tin Tin was a penguin. (F)
Alpo is a brand of breakfast cereal.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Rowlf is evil, then Rowlf has sharp claws and fangs. (F)
Rowlf is not evil. (T)
Rowlf does not have sharp claws and fangs.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Clifford is a small yellow cat, then Clifford is mean and vicious. (F)
Clifford is not a small yellow cat. (T)
Clifford is not mean and vicious.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound
If Tramp and Lady are eating lasagna, then Tramp and Lady are in love. (?)
Tramp and Lady are not eating lasagna. (F)
Tramp and Lady are not in love.
1. Invalid
2. Valid but not Sound
3. Sound

Validity and Soundness

Say whether the following arguments are sound, valid but not sound, or invalid. The actual truth values of the premises are identified by (T) and (F). For this exercise, all the valid arguments exhibit the following structure: If p then q.p q

Say whether the following arguments are sound, valid but not sound, or invalid. The actual truth values of the premises are identified by (T) and (F). For this exercise, all the valid arguments exhibit the following structure:

If p then q.
p
q